Crete tourist guide

The best Polish website dedicated to the Greek island Crete and to a small extent of continental Greece. You will find useful information related to visiting Crete that goes beyond the offer of optional tours. On the website you will also find descriptions of the most interesting places that we visited by visiting this largest Greek island. The content complements the current news, photographs and recipes of Greek cuisine.

Oxi Day

Since the beginning of the Second World War, Greece, which declared neutrality, played a very difficult game of chess. Representatives of the dictatorship of Joanis Metaksas sought to skilfully balance between support for the Allied forces and the possible unavoidable intervention of the Axis states. In spite of a series of diplomatic efforts and the clear sympathy of Joanis Metaksas for the then German authorities, the night from 27 to 28 October 1940 put an end to the further neutrality of Greece.

However, before we begin to describe the moment in which the significant word "NO" was uttered by Joanis Metaksas, it is worth moving back a few months until mid-1940, when Italy began its participation in the theater of war on the western front.

Flag of Greece

The humiliated army of Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini hoped that participation in the invasion of France would open him the possibility of occupying the southern part of the country. His very hopes were soon dispelled by Adolf Hitler, who informed him that the Italians would be able to occupy only the areas they would win themselves.

On June 10, to attack France, Benito Mussolini appointed two armies, which consisted of about 300,000 soldiers. These forces were almost twice as large as the French troops standing on the other side of the border. Although Duce had a pretty good impression on paper, the front reality turned out to be very brutal for the Italians and exposed their numerous weaknesses. A poorly trained infantry equipped with outdated equipment and devoid of artillery support was not an equal opponent for the French defense. The bad condition of the Italian army is evidenced by the fact that on the greater part of the front, both armies did not go further than five miles deep into France.

This clumsy campaign can not be described as a complete fiasco. The confrontation of the losses of both countries is striking. The French lost 37 soldiers in comparison to 631 killed on the Italian side. The weakness and meager morale of the Duce army is also testified by the fact that out of 300,000 Italian soldiers participating in military operations, almost 3,900 were taken prisoner by the French.

It was with such a miserable effect that the participation of the Duce troops in the French campaign ended. Mussolini understood that the best way to wipe out this stain from the honor of the Italian uniform would be quick success. Greece, located among neighboring countries neighboring with Italy, seemed an easy prey, which conquest would not pose a greater challenge for the still large army of Mussolini.

Italian ultimatum

Early on the morning of October 28, 1940, at about 3 o'clock, just after the end of the sumptuous banquet that took place at the German embassy, ​​Emanuele Grazzi went to the house of Joanis Metaksas. The Italian ambassador gave the Greek Prime Minister an ultimatum that contained a number of demands. Among them were the possibility of free passage of Italian troops to the Greek-Albanian border, control over airports, ports and other strategic places located on the territory of Greece.

Italian offensive
The course of military operations on the border of Greece ( Source DEMIS Mapserver - public domain )

After reading the text, Joanis Metaxas turned his gaze to the Italian ambassador and resolute strong voice, he answered in French (the then official language of diplomacy): "Alors, C'est la guerre" Well, that means war. Emanuele Grazzi tried to calm the situation, convincing the Greek prime minister that war can still be avoided. These not very skilful proposals, however, were summed up by Joanis Metaxas short NO, which ended the further conversation. Two hours after this meeting, the Italian invasion of Greece began. Mussolini's "powerful" army quickly became convinced how difficult and demanding opponent is the underrated Greek army. A well-developed offensive slowed down very quickly to get stuck in the winter months.

Genesis of Oxi day

Already two days after these events, the firm refusal of Joanis Metaxas and the word "No" was used by the newspaper "Greek Future" (Ελληνικό Μέλλον), which on the front cover printed a symbolic inscription ΟΧΙ. Very soon this word became a symbol of Greek resistance to Italian aggression.

For the first time, the anniversary of Oxi Day was celebrated in the courtyard of the University of Athens during the occupation of 1941. After the end of the Second World War, October 28 was established as a public holiday. For the first time, his ceremonial celebrations were organized in 1944 by the then Prime Minister George Papandreou. From 1952, celebrated on October 1, the Feast of the Blessed Mother of God was moved to October 28. Since then Oxi's day is also a church holiday.

Oxi Day

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Komentarze

2015-10-28 19:36:08

...<3...

1
 Ziemowit Lech Śląski
Ziemowit Lech Śląski
2015-10-28 21:35:55

"Nie" to można powiedzieć Salonikom, które do najpiękniejszych nie należą :P zresztą tu jest tego świadectwo: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1658768661007748&id=1393800280837922

2015-10-29 13:28:10

Wszystkiego NAJ!

1
 Tomasz Stopa
Tomasz Stopa
2016-10-28 16:08:08

Swietny i wyczerpujacy artykul :-)

1
 CRETE - Kreta
CRETE - Kreta
2016-10-28 16:09:36

Dzięki :) Staraliśmy się przybliżyć genezę tego święta.

 Tomasz Stopa
Tomasz Stopa
2016-10-28 16:10:10

CRETE - Kreta wlasnie mialem cos szukac na ten temat, a tu prosze ;)

1
 CRETE - Kreta
CRETE - Kreta
2016-10-28 16:22:36

To tym bardziej cieszymy się, że artykuł jak znalazł :)

1
2016-10-28 16:37:45

1

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Najnowsze komentarze:

gość Marek: No i rzeczywiście, prognozy się sprawdziły. Wczoraj pogoda fatalna na całej Krecie ale za to dziś, już ponownie przepiękna pogoda i cudownie świeci słoneczko. Pozdrowienia z Jerapetry
Jestem od niedzieli na Thasos, pogoda słoneczna, temperatury 22-26 stopni. Sprawdzając prognozy przed wylotem, byłam przerażona, ale na szczęście jest zupełnie odwrotnie
A kwiecień był super
Już jest czerwiec :o o matulu. Turcja też zimna w tym roku
gość PiotrWie: My byliśmy od 7 do 31 maja na Cykladach, było rzeczywiście zimniej niż zwykle ( od 2012 roku jeździmy corocznie w maju do Grecji) ale myślę że pomimo tego że kol. w Sztokholmie miał kilka stopni więcej w dzień niż w Grecji to w nocy miał ich zdecydowanie mniej więc w sumie było zimniej.
gość Waldek: W tej chwili dostępny jest tylko parking płatny. Dalszy wjazd bliżej plaży i parkowanie pod drzewami jest niemożliwe bo zagrodzili drogę. Koszt parkingu to 5E za cały dzień.Parkng najbliżej wejście jest naprzeciwko resortu Elafonisi.
Doświadczyliśmy na własnej skórze.
Ale od Soboty to wyglada na to ze caly tydzien calkiem sloneczyny ☀️
W tym roku będąc w Sztokholmie w maju miałem wyższe temperatury niż na Krecie.
gość PiotrWie : Może przynajmniej nauczą się trochę oszczędzać wodę - bo jak widzieliśmy jak leją hektolitrami chodniki przed domami to stwierdzaliśmy że woda w Grecji musi być bardzo tania i marnują ją w sposób tragiczny.
Gosia | crete.pl : Dzięki za spostrzegawczość :) Faktycznie nie uaktualniliśmy tej informacji.
gość Waldek: Bilet łączony uprawniający do wejścia na teren muzeum oraz na wykopaliska w maju 2023 to koszt” 20 € 
Zmiana klimatu W tym roku było bardzo mało opadów deszczu
Super miejsce piękne widoki
Ale super.
Polka na Kretowisku: Pogoda taka że nic tylko pić
Czu gdzieś jest dostępna lista winiarni na zachodniej części wyspy?
Jak jest jakaś dobra impreza, to albo przed moim urlopem, albo chwilę po.
CRETE - Kreta: We wtorek 23 maja wąwóz Samaria będzie udostępniony na całej długości. Otwarte będą również oba wejścia: Xyloskalo oraz Agia Roumeli.
Mikor ott jártunk nem volt nyitva, de így is nagy élményt jelentett számukra.
Skinakas Observatory +30 281 039 4200 https://maps.app.goo.gl/QdgsHYpMJHDcPQKw7
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Byłam i polecam. Fantastyczny widok na okolice i droga fantastyczna .
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