Crete tourist guide

The best Polish website dedicated to the Greek island Crete and to a small extent of continental Greece. You will find useful information related to visiting Crete that goes beyond the offer of optional tours. On the website you will also find descriptions of the most interesting places that we visited by visiting this largest Greek island. The content complements the current news, photographs and recipes of Greek cuisine.

Oxi Day

Since the beginning of the Second World War, Greece, which declared neutrality, played a very difficult game of chess. Representatives of the dictatorship of Joanis Metaksas sought to skilfully balance between support for the Allied forces and the possible unavoidable intervention of the Axis states. In spite of a series of diplomatic efforts and the clear sympathy of Joanis Metaksas for the then German authorities, the night from 27 to 28 October 1940 put an end to the further neutrality of Greece.

However, before we begin to describe the moment in which the significant word "NO" was uttered by Joanis Metaksas, it is worth moving back a few months until mid-1940, when Italy began its participation in the theater of war on the western front.

Flag of Greece

The humiliated army of Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini hoped that participation in the invasion of France would open him the possibility of occupying the southern part of the country. His very hopes were soon dispelled by Adolf Hitler, who informed him that the Italians would be able to occupy only the areas they would win themselves.

On June 10, to attack France, Benito Mussolini appointed two armies, which consisted of about 300,000 soldiers. These forces were almost twice as large as the French troops standing on the other side of the border. Although Duce had a pretty good impression on paper, the front reality turned out to be very brutal for the Italians and exposed their numerous weaknesses. A poorly trained infantry equipped with outdated equipment and devoid of artillery support was not an equal opponent for the French defense. The bad condition of the Italian army is evidenced by the fact that on the greater part of the front, both armies did not go further than five miles deep into France.

This clumsy campaign can not be described as a complete fiasco. The confrontation of the losses of both countries is striking. The French lost 37 soldiers in comparison to 631 killed on the Italian side. The weakness and meager morale of the Duce army is also testified by the fact that out of 300,000 Italian soldiers participating in military operations, almost 3,900 were taken prisoner by the French.

It was with such a miserable effect that the participation of the Duce troops in the French campaign ended. Mussolini understood that the best way to wipe out this stain from the honor of the Italian uniform would be quick success. Greece, located among neighboring countries neighboring with Italy, seemed an easy prey, which conquest would not pose a greater challenge for the still large army of Mussolini.

Italian ultimatum

Early on the morning of October 28, 1940, at about 3 o'clock, just after the end of the sumptuous banquet that took place at the German embassy, ​​Emanuele Grazzi went to the house of Joanis Metaksas. The Italian ambassador gave the Greek Prime Minister an ultimatum that contained a number of demands. Among them were the possibility of free passage of Italian troops to the Greek-Albanian border, control over airports, ports and other strategic places located on the territory of Greece.

Italian offensive
The course of military operations on the border of Greece ( Source DEMIS Mapserver - public domain )

After reading the text, Joanis Metaxas turned his gaze to the Italian ambassador and resolute strong voice, he answered in French (the then official language of diplomacy): "Alors, C'est la guerre" Well, that means war. Emanuele Grazzi tried to calm the situation, convincing the Greek prime minister that war can still be avoided. These not very skilful proposals, however, were summed up by Joanis Metaxas short NO, which ended the further conversation. Two hours after this meeting, the Italian invasion of Greece began. Mussolini's "powerful" army quickly became convinced how difficult and demanding opponent is the underrated Greek army. A well-developed offensive slowed down very quickly to get stuck in the winter months.

Genesis of Oxi day

Already two days after these events, the firm refusal of Joanis Metaxas and the word "No" was used by the newspaper "Greek Future" (Ελληνικό Μέλλον), which on the front cover printed a symbolic inscription ΟΧΙ. Very soon this word became a symbol of Greek resistance to Italian aggression.

For the first time, the anniversary of Oxi Day was celebrated in the courtyard of the University of Athens during the occupation of 1941. After the end of the Second World War, October 28 was established as a public holiday. For the first time, his ceremonial celebrations were organized in 1944 by the then Prime Minister George Papandreou. From 1952, celebrated on October 1, the Feast of the Blessed Mother of God was moved to October 28. Since then Oxi's day is also a church holiday.

Oxi Day

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Komentarze

2015-10-28 19:36:08

...<3...

1
 Ziemowit Lech Śląski
Ziemowit Lech Śląski
2015-10-28 21:35:55

"Nie" to można powiedzieć Salonikom, które do najpiękniejszych nie należą :P zresztą tu jest tego świadectwo: https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid=1658768661007748&id=1393800280837922

2015-10-29 13:28:10

Wszystkiego NAJ!

1
 Tomasz Stopa
Tomasz Stopa
2016-10-28 16:08:08

Swietny i wyczerpujacy artykul :-)

1
 CRETE - Kreta
CRETE - Kreta
2016-10-28 16:09:36

Dzięki :) Staraliśmy się przybliżyć genezę tego święta.

 Tomasz Stopa
Tomasz Stopa
2016-10-28 16:10:10

CRETE - Kreta wlasnie mialem cos szukac na ten temat, a tu prosze ;)

1
 CRETE - Kreta
CRETE - Kreta
2016-10-28 16:22:36

To tym bardziej cieszymy się, że artykuł jak znalazł :)

1
2016-10-28 16:37:45

1

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Najnowsze komentarze:

gość dodekanezowiec: Moim zdaniem - gdyby porównywać Grecję, Hiszpanię i południowe Włochy to: 1. W kategorii autentyczność: Włochy (np. Kalabria, Sycylia) - 9/10, Grecja - 8/10, Hiszpania - 3/10 2. W kategorii "frontem do potrzeb turysty": Hiszpania - 9/10, Grecja - 7 i pół/10, Włochy - 4/10.  Hiszpania to jakość hoteli, świetna infrastruktura, ale i taka "macdonaldyzacja turystyki" + blokowiska. (...)
Χρόνια πολλά
Byłem rok temu koniec września na Krecie i na Santorini piękne wyspy do zwiedzania
Na majówkę
1.04 też pierwszy z Poznania ;)
My na majówkę
gość PiotrWie : My w tym roku wybraliśmy na wczesną wiosnę La Gomerę że względu na cieplejsze noce - w zeszłym roku byliśmy na Sifnos i Santorini w terminie 15 marca - 7 kwietnia i wieczorem w pensjonacie było po prostu zimno - ogrzewanie klimatyzacją niewiele daje. Ale wiosna jest rzeczywiście zjawiskowa. W tym roku do Grecji lecimy dopiero w maju - na Ikarię i Samos.
Będę na Krecie 12-15.04. Wiosna na Krecie jest magiczna!
Καλή Σαρακοστή ☺
Warto zobaczyć, byliśmy jest pieknie
Piękne miejsce.
Prace wykonane przez Evansa, tak bardzo kontrowersyjne, doprowadziły jednak do tego, że Pałac w Knossos jest najchętniej odwiedzanym zabytkiem na Krecie. Pałac w Zakros czy nawet Fajstos, tak bardzo autentyczne, nie mogą się poszczycić taką popularnością. (...)
Niezapomniane wrażenia
Byłam, widziałam, poczułam moc tego miejsca
Warto zwiedzić.
Nádherná památka byla jsem tam 2x ❤️
gość PiotrWie : Już i na południu jest sporo ludzi - pamiętam puste plaże za Asterousią a w 2019 i w Tris Ekklisies i w Lentas a nawet na plażach Tripiti i Trachoulas było sporo ludzi.A na Serifos czy Kimolos byliśmy sami ewentualnie z jakąś drugą dwójką.
Zostaje mniej oblegane południe , ja pamiętam Kretę z przed 2 dekad i Balos gdzie prawie nie było ludzi :)
Taknpomyślałam, że pewnie trochę zatrzęsło... A wówczas nawet wykonane prace zabezpieczające nie dadzą 100% bezpieczeństwa. Dobrze, że nikt nie ucierpiał
gość PiotrWie : My wybieramy się w maju na Ikarię. Tam czegoś takiego nie będzie jeszcze jakiś czas. Polecam wyspy na którym nie ma lotnisk międzynarodowych - chętni na takie resorty nie uznają podróży z przesiadkami. Np Serifos, Sifnos czy Astipaleę.  
Dobrze, że są miejsca gdzie udało się odsunąć te plany. Typu Plakias , Falassarna
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